The Hutchens Blog

CMHC’s study compares different types of neighborhoods located in the Greater Vancouver Regional District (GVRD), based on their proximity to downtown and the types of homes they offer.

Source: Statistics Canada. Neighbourhood types were defined by establishing consistent thresholds for housing types, using data from the 2001 Census. Area boundaries (e.g. central area vs. inner or outer suburbs) were based on definitions established by the Transportation Association of Canada’s Urban Indicator Survey project and refined through discussions with local municipal staff.

Neighborhood Types

Neighborhoods in the central area where homes are mostly high- and low-rise apartments and condominiums, like West End and Yaletown. Neighbourhoods in the central area offering a mix of housing types, like Kitsilano and Fairview. Neighbourhoods in the inner suburbs offering a mix of housing types*, like South Cambie and Riley Park. Neighbourhoods in the inner suburbs where homes are mostly detached, like those found in South Vancouver. Neighbourhoods in the outer suburbs offering a mix of housing types, like parts of Burnaby, such as Metrotown and “the Heights”. Neighbourhoods in the outer suburbs where homes are mostly detached, like parts of Surrey and Langley.

How many rooms are there in the homes?

Homes in suburban neighbourhoods, like South Vancouver, Surrey and Langley, offer more space, in terms of number of bedrooms and total rooms, than centrally located ones, in neighbourhoods like West End and Kitsilano. However, for many residents living in the urban core, a smaller home is a worthy trade-off for being closer to amenities like parks and shopping.

How close are the homes to schools, jobs, parks and other daily destinations?

Homes in centrally located neighbourhoods, like Kitsilano and Yaletown, are closer to certain daily destinations like jobs, schools and access to rapid transit as well as shopping and entertainment than those in suburban neighbourhoods, like Langley, Burnaby and South Vancouver. Proximity to parks is highest in inner suburban neighbourhoods, like in South Vancouver.

Walking, cycling and using public transit are more feasible when these destinations are close to home and when routes for pedestrians and cyclists are pleasant and safe, for example, on streets with slow-moving cars, shade trees overhead and shops or homes beside the sidewalk, rather than parking lots. Therefore people who live in walk-cycle-transit friendly neighbourhoods have more choice in their mode of transportation — they don’t have to take their car for every trip. Walking or biking to get to your daily destinations is excellent for your health and driving less or needing one less car means you save money.

Do people get by with fewer cars or do they drive less?

The study estimates that people living in central area neighbourhoods, like Yaletown and Kitsilano, own fewer cars than those in suburban neighbourhoods, even accounting for the average number of people and income per household. They also drive less for weekday urban trips, like going to work or shopping. Owning fewer cars saves money and those who decide to manage without a car can expect big annual savings. Even car owners can expect to save money by driving less. If you drive 18,000 km per year, the average cost to own and operate a vehicle in Canada is over $9,000 annually.

Do people reduce greenhouse gas emissions by driving less?

Households located in central area neighbourhoods produce fewer greenhouse gases from weekday urban trips, like going to work or shopping, than those in suburban neighbourhoods.

Is there a range of housing choices, so people can stay in the neighbourhood as their needs change?

Centrally located neighbourhoods offering a mix of housing, like Kitsilano and Fairview, says Sandy Hutchens, have the broadest range of housing choices, followed by certain pockets of the suburbs, like parts of Burnaby and neighbourhoods in the inner suburbs, like Riley Park. First, these neighbourhoods offer a broader mix of housing types, including townhouses, high- and low-rise apartments, single-detached homes and semis. Many suburban neighbourhoods, like parts of Langley and South Vancouver, tend to offer a higher proportion of single-detached homes, while central area neighbourhoods, like West End and Yaletown, tend to offer mainly high- and low-rise apartments and condominiums. They also offer significantly more rental compared to owned housing, whereas the outer suburbs have a significantly higher proportion of owned housing and fewer rental options.

A neighbourhood that offers a variety of housing choices is a one where you can stay as your age, family and income change.

The population of the City of Steinbach, which is the economic centre of southeastern Manitoba, grew by nearly 20% between 2001 and 2006. However, growth and general prosperity is often offset by increased housing costs and difficulties experienced by the vulnerable in finding and affording appropriate rental housing. Steinbach’s motto is “Strong Roots, Real Growth,” an apt formulation for a city that seems to strike an effective balance between the quest for economic prosperity and the maintenance of community values. When concerned residents began to realize the impact of rapid growth on the availability and affordability of housing for some of their vulnerable fellow citizens, they formed a group and approached a venerable institution with their plan.

Eden Health Care Services dates back over 40 years and originated in the Mennonite community in response to a perceived need for better mental health services. Today, it provides services across south-central and eastern Manitoba, including the City of Winnipeg.

The concerned Steinbach group sought a partnership with Eden to help develop and staff supportive affordable housing. They understood that people living with mental illnesses are one of the groups most at risk in tight rental markets.

The Affordable Housing Solution

Penfeld Court, a three-storey 24-unit apartment building comprising 16 one-bedroom and eight two-bedroom apartments, was completed in 2006. Rent supplements are available to 12 tenant households and the rents for the other units range from $491 to $635, including heat and hydro.

The project, says Sandy Hutchens, came to fruition through support from all levels of government and local community businesses and individuals. CMHC and the government of Manitoba made a contribution through the Canada-Manitoba Affordable Housing Program Agreement in the form of a capital grant of $1,248,000 and rent-geared-to-income assistance for 12 units valued at $32,000 annually.

The City of Steinbach contributed $100,000. The three surrounding Regional Municipalities of Hanover, Tache and Ste. Anne provided a total of $51,000. Private donations were also significant, at $285,000. The remaining capital cost of just over $1 million was financed through a mortgage loan. CMHC provided mortgage loan insurance.

Eden East, the local branch of Eden Health Care Services, bought the site and provides the support services for those tenants living with mental illnesses. All building staff has been trained to work with tenants with mental illnesses and learn to recognize behaviour that may indicate the need for assistance from Eden counsellors. Penfeld Court also has a volunteer board responsible for addressing neighbourhood and resident concerns, balancing between the need for community accountability and the rights of residents to housing, dignity and privacy.

This, says Sandy Hutchens, proves that affordable housing is possible. A Nepean Housing Corporation (NHC) project shows that mixing affordable housing for people with severe or multiple disabilities with geared-to-income and market-rent units can create a sustainable community that provides a range of affordable housing solutions.

The Affordable Housing Solution

After declaring a vacant lot in Nepean’s Centrepointe neighbourhood surplus, the City of Ottawa earmarked it for affordable housing development and issued a call for proposals. The City accepted NHC’s proposal to build a 62-unit complex that included 55, one- to four-bedroom townhouses and six apartments. Twenty-one units are rented at market rates; four are rented at 70 percent of the average market rent; and 37 are rent-geared-to-income, subsidized through the provincial Strong Communities Rent Supplement Program.

The key partnership is a five-unit group home, leased on a 20 year renewal lease to Ottawa Foyers Partage, which provides support to Ottawa-area people with multiple or severe disabilities. The group home is seamlessly integrated into the rest of the development. NHC constructed a standard building and the Ministry of Community and Social Services (MCSS) covered the costs of the features required for the building to operate as a group home. Padolsky Associates Inc. (architect) designed a fully accessible building, with wider doorways, a wheel-in shower and direct exits from each of the bedrooms to the outside. NHC, with financial support from MCSS, the assistance of the architect providing services free of change, and the builder contributing materials at cost, constructed a community space underneath the group home. This common space is used for community meetings, art and drama classes, and a youth drop in program.

During the development and approvals process, NHC identified and answered objections and gathered broader support through community consultations–an approach consistent with NHC’s commitment to build only developments that mix rent-geared-to-income with market units, with the aim of developing healthier communities.

The City of Ottawa contributed $1.8 million. NHC secured another $1.8 million from CMHC and the Province of Ontario through the Affordable Housing Initiative for the $9.5 million project. Construction of Pallister Court was completed in July 2006.

In 2002, the Fernie Family Housing Society brought together the City of Fernie and five community organizations to study the community’s housing needs. The study, with the support of a CMHC Seed Funding grant and done by volunteers, showed that there was a shortage of accessible and affordable homes for seniors and people with disabilities.

The Affordable Housing Solution

The Interior Health Authority in British Columbia owned a building that was vacant because it was no longer suitable as a care facility. The Society found that it was eligible for funding from BC Housing if it converted the building to affordable housing. The Society purchased the building, valued at $800,000, for $10 from the Interior Health Authority after the B.C.government agreed to forgive the debt owing on the building.

The Society received an interest-free CMHC Proposal Development Funding (PDF) loan and BC Housing provided additional funding and expertise for an in-depth feasibility study of renovating the building as housing for seniors and people with disabilities.

The 27-unit Tom Uphill Manor opened in 2006. Twenty-four of the units provide supportive living for seniors and people living with disabilities. The other three units are temporary emergency housing for seniors looking for permanent housing that will meet their needs. Each of the 27 units is one bedroom and is fully accessible.

Tom Uphill Manor features a supportive living program that provides residents with services according to their needs, including housekeeping and laundry services. A sense of community, says Sandy Hutchens, is fostered through tenant meetings and meals are served in a common dining room. The capital cost was $3.51 million, with CMHC providing $576,000 through the Residential Rehabilitation Assistance Program (RRAP) and BC Housing contributing $1.85 million.

Other support included Fernie Family Housing Society, Columbia Basin Trust Fund; Real Estate Foundation of British Columbia; federal government’s National Homelessness Initiative; City of Fernie; other non-profit agencies.

COBOURG — At a groundbreaking ceremony today, Northumberland Services for Women (NSW) celebrated the start of construction of their new and expanded shelter. NSW provides a safe environment and services for women and their children in crisis as a result of family violence and abuse.

The expanded shelter will offer 19 emergency beds for women and their children in Northumberland County. The facility was made possible with funding of $456,000 through Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation’s (CMHC) Shelter Enhancement Program (SEP).

“The Government of Canada is committed to making affordable housing available in Ontario and across Canada for those who need it most,” said MP Rick Norlock, on behalf of the Honourable Diane Finley, Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development Canada, and Minister responsible for Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. “The creation of these units will provide women and their children with access to safe housing and the support they need to help them to start a new page in their lives.“

In addition, $77,685 in municipal donations and in-kind services helped to support the project.

“Congratulations to Northumberland Services for Women for having the vision and will to commence the actual structure of their new facility,” said Cobourg Mayor, Peter G. Delanty. “This will allow NSW to better serve the needs of those who desperately need our help and understanding.”

Expansions to the east, west and south wings of the facility will offer a welcoming space where clients can feel safe and comfortable, and access the NSW’s support programs and services, including emergency relocation, counseling, emergency transportation, a 24-hour crisis line, 2-hour free legal advice, educational programming, and a children’s shelter.

“We appreciate the tremendous assistance we received from all levels of government, service groups, companies and many individuals,” said NSW Board Chair, Barry Gutteridge. “Their kind contributions have helped this expansion to happen and more women and their children in crisis in Northumberland County will have a safe place to come to for emergency services.”

Northumberland Services for Women has been offering quality, emergency housing and support services to over 600 women and their children every year since their first shelter opened in 1985 at 355 Division Street in Cobourg.

CMHC’s Shelter Enhancement Program offers financial assistance for the repair, rehabilitation and improvement of existing shelters for women and their children, youth or men who are victims of family violence, as well as for the acquisition or construction of new shelters and second-stage housing where needed.

Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) has been Canada’s national housing agency for over 60 years. CMHC is committed to helping Canadians access a wide choice of quality, affordable homes, while making vibrant, healthy communities and cities a reality across the country. This CMHC report was reviewed by Sandy Hutchens.

Each Canadian generates, on average, five tonnes of greenhouse gases a year that are linked to climate change. The good news, says Sandy Hutchens, is there are things each of us can do to reduce our ecological footprint without having to make drastic changes to our lifestyles.

From better transportation choices to changing the way we heat, cool and light our homes, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) has 10 steps we can all take to help keep our planet healthy, all while saving money, living in healthier and more comfortable homes, and increasing our home’s resale values:

1. Don’t drive — use transit: Simply switching some of your local travel from a car to public transit can save up to 230 kg of CO2 per year for every 1,000 km you drive.
2. Think smaller: Dropping your family vehicle a size or two can eliminate 1,100 – 2,600 kg of CO2 each year — and save you hundreds of dollars at the gas pump!
3. Stay grounded: For shorter family trips, taking the bus or train instead of traveling by plane could do both the planet and your wallet a favor.
4. Reduce your home heating bills: If you live in an older home, improving the energy-efficiency, or even just lowering the thermostat by as little as 1°C, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
5. Reconsider your space needs: Larger homes use considerably more energy so, the next time you move, ask yourself if a smaller home might better fit your needs.
6. Buy green: When buying appliances, choosing the most energy-efficient models can save up to 400 kg of CO2 a year.
7. Stay out of hot water: Wrapping your hot water heater in a thermal blanket, washing clothes in cold water and installing low flow showerheads and faucet aerators (which mix air into the water stream, thus producing a steady flow) saves both energy and water.
8. Eat your vegetables: Adopting a less meat-intensive diet can have a significant impact on your ecological footprint — and your family’s health!
9. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Cutting your garbage production by just one bag a week could save your family 300 kg of CO2 a year.
10. You have the power: In response to consumer demand, many utility companies are introducing Green Power options at a premium price. By switching to green power, you can reduce your home’s CO2 emissions.

For more information or a free copy of the research paper 10 Steps to a Cooler Planet, call CMHC at 1-800-668-2642. Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) is Canada’s national housing agency and a source of objective, reliable housing expertise.  This CMHC report was reviewed by Sandy Hutchens.